What is the Missouri state income tax rate in 2026?
Missouri taxes income in 8 brackets from 0.00% to 4.70% in 2026; the top rate starts at $9,436 of taxable income for a single filer and $9,436 for a married couple filing jointly. Example: a married couple, both 70, with $40,000 of Social Security, a $30,000 private pension and $30,000 of IRA withdrawals ($100,000 in all; the pension and IRA money split evenly between them) owes $755 of Missouri income tax (0.8% of their income) and $5,087 of federal tax; a single 62-year-old with $24,000 of Social Security, an $18,000 pension and $18,000 of IRA withdrawals ($60,000 in all) owes $726 to Missouri and $4,111 federal. The schedule, how Missouri treats each kind of retirement income, and its local taxes follow.
| Rate | Single | Married filing jointly |
|---|---|---|
| 0.00% | $0 to $1,348 | $0 to $1,348 |
| 2.00% | $1,348 to $2,696 | $1,348 to $2,696 |
| 2.50% | $2,696 to $4,044 | $2,696 to $4,044 |
| 3.00% | $4,044 to $5,392 | $4,044 to $5,392 |
| 3.50% | $5,392 to $6,740 | $5,392 to $6,740 |
| 4.00% | $6,740 to $8,088 | $6,740 to $8,088 |
| 4.50% | $8,088 to $9,436 | $8,088 to $9,436 |
| 4.70% | over $9,436 | over $9,436 |
How Missouri taxes retirement income in 2026
| Standard deduction or personal exemption | $16,100 single, $32,200 married filing jointly, $24,150 head of household. The standard deduction includes $2,050 more for a single or head-of-household filer 65 or older, and $1,650 more for each spouse 65 or older on a married return. (Missouri Revisor of Statutes; rules) |
|---|---|
| Social Security | Social Security benefits are fully exempt: none of the federally taxable amount enters the state base. (Missouri Revisor of Statutes; rules) |
| Pensions, annuities and IRA/401(k) withdrawals | Pension, annuity and IRA/401(k) distributions: up to $6,000 excluded per taxpayer ($12,000 on a joint return) at any age. When state AGI (the income total less the military pay excluded and every capital gain) less the taxable Social Security exceeds $25,000 (single) / $32,000 (MFJ), each dollar over reduces the exclusion by a dollar (after the cap is applied). (Missouri Revisor of Statutes; rules) |
| Government pensions | Public (government) pension dollars are exempt up to $48,967 per person receiving it; dollars above the cap are taxed. The exempt amount is reduced by the Social Security exemption: the federally taxable benefits of a person 62 or older, or of a younger person whose benefits are disability benefits or whose disability status is not said. They do not use up the capped exclusion that other retirement income may claim. (Missouri Revisor of Statutes; rules) |
| Capital gains | Long-term capital gains are not taxed, and neither are short-term gains. (Missouri Revisor of Statutes; rules) |
Local income taxes in Missouri:
- Kansas City and St. Louis tax residents' earnings at 1.00%; retirement income, interest and dividends are not earnings. (Missouri Revisor of Statutes)
Your whole 2026 return in Missouri, federal and state together, ends in a refund or an amount owed: 2026 tax return calculator (free) → What five typical retiree households owe or get back in Missouri and every other state: the 2026 tax return study.
Figures for 2026 from QuantCalc’s open tax engine (federal 2.6.1, state 1.28.0), for a full-year resident. An estimate, not tax advice: credits, itemized deductions and rules this page does not ask about change a real return. Every Missouri rule with its official sources: Missouri rules and sources.
In QuantCalc's 51-state planner study — one married couple, both 60, $2M, $80,000 a year to spend after tax, 10,000 paths per jurisdiction — the median path in Missouri pays $222,394 of federal and state income tax and Medicare IRMAA over 30 years, $58,935 of it Missouri state income tax, $59,797 more than in the 16 jurisdictions that charge this couple no state tax. That ranks #35 of 51 by lifetime tax (1 = lowest). The plan succeeds in 82.70% of paths. State tax is part of the optimization here — the playbook below shows the federal-state-ACA stack.
The MO verdict
For a retiree planning withdrawals in 2026, Missouri is a middle-of-the-road state for retirement taxation. Social Security exempt regardless of income since the 2024 reform, plus a public pension exclusion.
Missouri allows a retirement-income exclusion of up to $12,000 for a couple at any age. A traditional→Roth conversion does not draw on it, so converted dollars are taxed in full at the state rate even for a household that is otherwise sheltered.
Worked example: $30k Roth conversion in Missouri
Consider a married couple age 58 in Missouri with $75,000 of wages (their MAGI), both on ACA Marketplace coverage. They want to convert $30,000 from a traditional IRA to a Roth. The Missouri state tax on that conversion is $1,423 — 4.7% of the amount converted. Federal income tax adds another $3,600 — the whole conversion is taxed in the federal 12% bracket. And because the conversion pushes their MAGI to $105,000 — over the 400% FPL cliff of $84,600 — they lose their full ACA premium tax credit, $21,479 a year at Missouri's average benchmark Silver premium. Total cost of the $30,000 conversion: $26,502, or an effective 88.3% marginal rate. Each Missouri tax figure for a conversion on this page is QuantCalc's state tax engine run on the couple's whole 2026 Missouri return twice, without the conversion and with it, with every amount split evenly between the two spouses, so Missouri's own brackets, deductions, exemptions and credits are all applied. The federal-state-ACA stack matters in Missouri.
Cost breakdown
| Component | Amount |
|---|---|
| Federal income tax (12% bracket) | $3,600 |
| Missouri state income tax | $1,423 |
| ACA premium tax credit clawback | $21,479 |
| Total cost on $30,000 conversion | $26,502 (88.3% effective) |
Scenario B (moderate): cliff-aware $34.6k conversion in Missouri
A Missouri couple aged 60, both on Marketplace coverage with $50K wages converts $34,600, which lifts their MAGI to exactly the $84,600 400% FPL cliff: still eligible, and they keep a premium tax credit of $22,409 a year. One more dollar of conversion would cost all of it. State tax: $1,604 — 4.6% of the amount converted. Federal income tax added: $4,012 (the whole conversion is taxed in the federal 10%–12% brackets). ACA PTC preserved. Total cost: $5,616, or 16.2% effective. In moderate-tax states, the conversion size is bounded by both the IRMAA two-year lookback and the ACA cliff — not state tax alone.
What the planner's Monte Carlo says about Missouri
QuantCalc Research ran one married couple through QuantCalc's retirement planner in each of the 51 jurisdictions: both 60, $2,000,000 ($1,400,000 traditional, $600,000 Roth), a 60/40 portfolio, $80,000 a year to spend after tax for 30 years, no Social Security, 10,000 paths each. The planner's federal and state tax engines price every year, and it picks the withdrawals and Roth conversions. Here is Missouri beside the lowest- and highest-tax results:
| Metric | Missouri | No state tax (16 jurisdictions) | Oregon (highest) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median lifetime tax, federal + state + IRMAA (30y) | $222,394 | $162,597 | $309,718 |
| State income tax (30y, sum of yearly medians) | $58,935 | $0 | $146,914 |
| State income tax in the first year (age 60) | $2,241 | $0 | $5,838 |
| 30-year success rate | 82.70% | 84.05% | 80.61% |
| Median balance at 90 | $2,021,503 | $2,153,150 | $1,801,272 |
| Rank by lifetime tax (of 51, 1 = lowest) | #35 | #1 | #51 |
Across all 51 jurisdictions the success rate runs from 80.61% to 84.05%: for this couple the state changes the tax bill far more than the odds of the money lasting. Dollars are today's dollars. Source: QuantCalc 51-State Retirement Monte Carlo (v2026.3, re-run 2026-10-12) — 510,000 planner paths, methodology and dataset released CC-BY-4.0. Every jurisdiction's row uses the same household and the same market paths; only the state of residence changes.
How Missouri treats capital gains in retirement
Missouri does not tax capital gains. Long-term capital gains are not taxed, and neither are short-term gains. A federal 0% LTCG harvest is free at the state level here too, so gain-harvesting decisions are purely federal exercises. (Missouri Revisor of Statutes; rules)
Why the ACA cliff hits hard in Missouri
The 400% federal-poverty-level cliff is federal, not state-specific — but its dollar impact depends on the benchmark Silver-plan premium in your county. Missouri's Marketplace pricing and your household composition determine the size of the subsidy at risk. A couple aged 58 with MAGI of exactly $84,600 still has $20,523 a year of premium tax credit at Missouri's average benchmark Silver premium, and all of it is on the line. With the 2021–2025 enhanced credit expired, $1 of additional MAGI above 400% FPL eliminates the entire credit.
For 2026 the 400% FPL threshold is:
Roth conversion strategy for Missouri
The MO-specific playbook depends on tier:
- Identify your cliff distance. Compute MAGI from all income sources (wages, capital gains, interest, dividends, traditional withdrawals). Find your headroom under 400% FPL. Use the live cliff widget above for a quick check.
- Stay under the cliff if you can. In Missouri at 4.70%, the marginal cost of going over the cliff is federal tax + state tax + full PTC clawback. The break-even conversion size is smaller than in tax-free states.
- If you must go over, convert big. Once you've crossed the cliff, additional conversion dollars only cost federal + state tax (no incremental PTC loss). A "rip the bandage" conversion year can be efficient if you have many traditional dollars to move.
- Coordinate with capital gains and the 0% LTCG bracket. Missouri does not tax capital gains. Long-term capital gains are not taxed, and neither are short-term gains. A federal 0% LTCG harvest is free at the state level here too, so gain-harvesting decisions are purely federal exercises. (Missouri Revisor of Statutes; rules)
- Plan ahead for IRMAA. The IRMAA Medicare premium surcharge has a 2-year lookback. A Missouri resident in their early 60s converting today will see IRMAA implications at 65. See RMD + IRMAA calculator for the lookback math.
State tax basics for Missouri retirees
| Question | Missouri |
|---|---|
| State income tax | 4.70% top marginal |
| Number of brackets | 8 |
| Social Security taxed | No |
| 401(k) / Traditional IRA taxed | Yes |
| Retirement-income exclusion (couple) | $12,000 at any age |
| Roth conversion draws that exclusion | No |
| State estate / inheritance tax | No |
| Retirement-friendliness tier | moderate |
| Notable feature | Social Security exempt regardless of income since the 2024 reform, plus a public pension exclusion |
| 30-yr planner success rate | 82.70% |
| Median 30-yr tax, federal + state + IRMAA (rank) | $222,394 (#35/51) |
Model your full Missouri retirement scenario
Free Monte Carlo (100 paths per run; 10,000 with PRO) with state-specific tax engine, ACA cliff, Roth conversion optimizer, IRMAA lookback — free, no signup.
Run a free simulation →What a year-end move does to your Missouri and federal tax in 2026
Each move changes three bills at once: the federal return, the Missouri return and, for anyone on Medicare, the IRMAA surcharge the 2026 income sets for 2028. Example: a married couple, both 72, with a $40,000 pension, $50,000 of Social Security, a $30,000 IRA withdrawal and $10,000 of long-term gains already realized in 2026, the pension, the IRA money and the conversion split evenly between them on the state return. Each row is that year with one move made, against the same year without it (negative = less tax).
| Move (by December 31, 2026) | Federal tax | Missouri tax | IRMAA in 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Convert $25,000 to a Roth IRA | $3,165 | $1,192 | $0 |
| Send $10,000 of the IRA withdrawal to charity as a QCD | −$1,200 | −$467 | $0 |
| Harvest a $5,000 loss against the year's gains | $0 | $0 | $0 |
An estimate from QuantCalc’s open tax engine (federal 2.6.1, state 1.28.0) for the 2026 tax year. Not tax advice: your return depends on facts this page does not ask about, so check a move with your tax preparer or custodian before acting. IRMAA uses the 2026 tiers for two people on Medicare; the 2028 tiers are not published yet. How the engine computes each line, with its official source: federal, Missouri.
Related calculators and reading
- All-states retirement tax comparison — see Missouri alongside the other 50 jurisdictions.
- Missouri minimum wage 2026 — the hourly rate, scheduled increases and take-home pay after tax, from the official sources.
- State Retirement Tax Data 2026 — the per-jurisdiction rate, exclusion and Social Security figures behind this page, as CSV and JSON.
- ACA Subsidy Cliff Optimizer — find the largest Roth conversion that keeps you under 400% FPL.
- Roth Conversion Optimizer — bracket-fill vs. fixed-amount strategy comparison.
- RMD + IRMAA Calculator — Medicare premium surcharge based on 2-year-old MAGI.
- Safe Withdrawal Rate Calculator — sequence-of-returns-aware withdrawal planning.
- Research: 51-State 30-year Monte Carlo (2026) — full ranking and dataset.
- Research: Monte Carlo ACA Cliff 2026 — 80,000-path study of the cliff cost.
FAQ
What is the Missouri state income tax rate in 2026?
Missouri taxes income in 8 brackets from 0.00% to 4.70% in 2026; the top rate starts at $9,436 of taxable income for a single filer and $9,436 for a married couple filing jointly. The full schedule and Missouri's deductions are on this page (Missouri Department of Revenue; rules).
How much state income tax does a retiree pay in Missouri?
It depends on the kind of income. In 2026, a married couple, both 70, with $40,000 of Social Security, a $30,000 private pension and $30,000 of IRA withdrawals ($100,000 in all; the pension and IRA money split evenly between them) owes $755 of Missouri tax, and a single 62-year-old with $24,000 of Social Security, an $18,000 pension and $18,000 of IRA withdrawals ($60,000 in all) owes $726. Federal tax comes on top: $5,087 and $4,111.
Does Missouri tax Social Security benefits?
No. Social Security benefits are fully exempt: none of the federally taxable amount enters the state base. (Missouri Revisor of Statutes; rules)
Does Missouri tax pensions, 401(k) and IRA withdrawals?
Pension, annuity and IRA/401(k) distributions: up to $6,000 excluded per taxpayer ($12,000 on a joint return) at any age. When state AGI (the income total less the military pay excluded and every capital gain) less the taxable Social Security exceeds $25,000 (single) / $32,000 (MFJ), each dollar over reduces the exclusion by a dollar (after the cap is applied). Public (government) pension dollars are exempt up to $48,967 per person receiving it; dollars above the cap are taxed. The exempt amount is reduced by the Social Security exemption: the federally taxable benefits of a person 62 or older, or of a younger person whose benefits are disability benefits or whose disability status is not said. They do not use up the capped exclusion that other retirement income may claim. (Missouri Revisor of Statutes; rules)
Does Missouri have local income taxes?
Yes. Kansas City and St. Louis tax residents' earnings at 1.00%; retirement income, interest and dividends are not earnings. (Missouri Revisor of Statutes)
Does Missouri tax Roth conversions?
Yes. A $30,000 conversion by a couple aged 58 with $75,000 of wages adds $1,423 of Missouri tax — 4.7% of the amount converted — on top of federal tax and any ACA subsidy clawback. Each Missouri tax figure for a conversion on this page is QuantCalc's state tax engine run on the couple's whole 2026 Missouri return twice, without the conversion and with it, with every amount split evenly between the two spouses, so Missouri's own brackets, deductions, exemptions and credits are all applied.
What is Missouri's 30-year Monte Carlo retirement success rate?
In QuantCalc's 51-state planner study, one married couple (both 60, $2M, 60/40, $80,000 a year to spend after tax, 10,000 paths) succeeds in 82.70% of paths in Missouri; across all 51 jurisdictions the rate runs from 80.61% to 84.05%. The median path pays $222,394 of federal and state income tax and IRMAA over 30 years, $58,935 of it Missouri state income tax.
What is the ACA cliff in Missouri for 2026?
The ACA premium-tax-credit cliff is a federal threshold, not state-specific. For a household of two in 2026, it sits at 400% of the federal poverty level — $84,600. Crossing it by even $1 of MAGI eliminates the full subsidy now that the 2021-2025 enhanced credit has expired.
Is Missouri a good state to retire for tax purposes?
Missouri is a middle-of-the-road state for retirement taxation. Social Security exempt regardless of income since the 2024 reform, plus a public pension exclusion. In our planner study it ranks #35 of 51 by median lifetime tax (1 = lowest).
Does Missouri have a state estate or inheritance tax?
No — Missouri does not impose a state-level estate or inheritance tax.
How does Missouri tax capital gains?
Missouri does not tax capital gains. Long-term capital gains are not taxed, and neither are short-term gains. A federal 0% LTCG harvest is free at the state level here too, so gain-harvesting decisions are purely federal exercises. (Missouri Revisor of Statutes; rules)
Last updated 2026-11-05. State income tax figures reflect the 2026 schedule published by Missouri's tax authority. ACA poverty-level figures: the 2025 HHS poverty guidelines for the 48 contiguous states and DC ($15,650 for one person, plus $5,500 for each additional person; 90 FR 5917), which set 2026 Marketplace coverage. Premium tax credit estimates use Missouri's average benchmark Silver premium. Monte Carlo numbers from the QuantCalc 51-state planner study (v2026.3, re-run 2026-10-12, CC-BY-4.0). This page is educational. Not tax, legal, or financial advice — consult a qualified advisor.