{
  "version": "2026.1",
  "generated_by": "backend/tools/authority_dump.c (--policy source-typed pension fields + --pension-illustrate compute_state_tax_v4 runs)",
  "source": "QuantCalc frozen state-tax engine (backend/src/state_tax.c); 2026 statutory pension/retirement-income exclusion rules per jurisdiction",
  "generated_at": "2026-07-22T21:12:50.426Z",
  "illustration_note": "tax_* columns are the state income tax on $75,000 of retirement income for a single filer aged 67, computed three ways by source (public pension / private pension / IRA), via compute_state_tax_v4. Where the three differ, the income source changes the tax.",
  "fields": [
    "code",
    "name",
    "category",
    "category_label",
    "source_matters",
    "retirement_exclusion_single",
    "retirement_exclusion_mfj",
    "exclusion_min_age",
    "tax_public_pension_75k_single",
    "tax_private_pension_75k_single",
    "tax_ira_75k_single"
  ],
  "rows": [
    {
      "code": "AL",
      "name": "Alabama",
      "category": "employer_pension_exempt",
      "category_label": "Employer/DB pension exempt, IRA taxed",
      "source_matters": 1,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 6000,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 12000,
      "exclusion_min_age": 65,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 3185
    },
    {
      "code": "AK",
      "name": "Alaska",
      "category": "no_income_tax",
      "category_label": "No state income tax",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "AZ",
      "name": "Arizona",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 1472.5,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 1472.5,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 1472.5
    },
    {
      "code": "AR",
      "name": "Arkansas",
      "category": "capped_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion (pension + IRA)",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 6000,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 12000,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 2094.41,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2094.41,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2094.41
    },
    {
      "code": "CA",
      "name": "California",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 2927.57,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2927.57,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2927.57
    },
    {
      "code": "CO",
      "name": "Colorado",
      "category": "co_pension_subtraction",
      "category_label": "Pension/annuity subtraction, shared with SS",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 1535.6,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 1535.6,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 1535.6
    },
    {
      "code": "CT",
      "name": "Connecticut",
      "category": "phasedown",
      "category_label": "Pension deduction phases down by income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "DE",
      "name": "Delaware",
      "category": "capped_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion (pension + IRA)",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 12500,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 25000,
      "exclusion_min_age": 60,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 2543.13,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2543.13,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2543.13
    },
    {
      "code": "DC",
      "name": "District of Columbia",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 3428.5,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 3428.5,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 3428.5
    },
    {
      "code": "FL",
      "name": "Florida",
      "category": "no_income_tax",
      "category_label": "No state income tax",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "GA",
      "name": "Georgia",
      "category": "capped_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion (pension + IRA)",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 65000,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 130000,
      "exclusion_min_age": 65,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "HI",
      "name": "Hawaii",
      "category": "public_pension_exempt",
      "category_label": "Government pension exempt (no cap)",
      "source_matters": 1,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 3983.2,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 3983.2
    },
    {
      "code": "ID",
      "name": "Idaho",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 2866.72,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2866.72,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2866.72
    },
    {
      "code": "IL",
      "name": "Illinois",
      "category": "full_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Full pension + IRA exclusion",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "IN",
      "name": "Indiana",
      "category": "senior_subtraction",
      "category_label": "General age-65+ subtraction",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 3431,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 3431,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 3431
    },
    {
      "code": "IA",
      "name": "Iowa",
      "category": "full_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Full pension + IRA exclusion",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 55,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "KS",
      "name": "Kansas",
      "category": "public_pension_exempt",
      "category_label": "Government pension exempt (no cap)",
      "source_matters": 1,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 3385.31,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 3385.31
    },
    {
      "code": "KY",
      "name": "Kentucky",
      "category": "capped_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion (pension + IRA)",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 31110,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 62220,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 1418.55,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 1418.55,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 1418.55
    },
    {
      "code": "LA",
      "name": "Louisiana",
      "category": "capped_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion (pension + IRA)",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 12000,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 24000,
      "exclusion_min_age": 65,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 1503.75,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 1503.75,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 1503.75
    },
    {
      "code": "ME",
      "name": "Maine",
      "category": "capped_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion (pension + IRA)",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 49824,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 99648,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 265.41,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 265.41,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 265.41
    },
    {
      "code": "MD",
      "name": "Maryland",
      "category": "pension_sourced_cap",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion, pension-sourced only",
      "source_matters": 1,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 40600,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 81200,
      "exclusion_min_age": 65,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 2391.14,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2391.14,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 5586.35
    },
    {
      "code": "MA",
      "name": "Massachusetts",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 3530,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 3530,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 3530
    },
    {
      "code": "MI",
      "name": "Michigan",
      "category": "capped_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion (pension + IRA)",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 67610,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 135220,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 63.33,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 63.33,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 63.33
    },
    {
      "code": "MN",
      "name": "Minnesota",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 3576.61,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 3576.61,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 3576.61
    },
    {
      "code": "MS",
      "name": "Mississippi",
      "category": "full_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Full pension + IRA exclusion",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 60,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "MO",
      "name": "Missouri",
      "category": "public_pension_capped",
      "category_label": "Government pension exempt up to a cap",
      "source_matters": 1,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 6000,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 12000,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 286.22,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2587.67,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2587.67
    },
    {
      "code": "MT",
      "name": "Montana",
      "category": "senior_subtraction",
      "category_label": "General age-65+ subtraction",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 2556.81,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2556.81,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2556.81
    },
    {
      "code": "NE",
      "name": "Nebraska",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 2532.96,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2532.96,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2532.96
    },
    {
      "code": "NV",
      "name": "Nevada",
      "category": "no_income_tax",
      "category_label": "No state income tax",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "NH",
      "name": "New Hampshire",
      "category": "no_income_tax",
      "category_label": "No state income tax",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "NJ",
      "name": "New Jersey",
      "category": "capped_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion (pension + IRA)",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 75000,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 100000,
      "exclusion_min_age": 62,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "NM",
      "name": "New Mexico",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 2359.3,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2359.3,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2359.3
    },
    {
      "code": "NY",
      "name": "New York",
      "category": "public_pension_exempt",
      "category_label": "Government pension exempt (no cap)",
      "source_matters": 1,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 20000,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 40000,
      "exclusion_min_age": 59,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2373,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2373
    },
    {
      "code": "NC",
      "name": "North Carolina",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 2483.78,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2483.78,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2483.78
    },
    {
      "code": "ND",
      "name": "North Dakota",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 203.29,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 203.29,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 203.29
    },
    {
      "code": "OH",
      "name": "Ohio",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 1280.13,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 1280.13,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 1280.13
    },
    {
      "code": "OK",
      "name": "Oklahoma",
      "category": "capped_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion (pension + IRA)",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 10000,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 20000,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 2424.5,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2424.5,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2424.5
    },
    {
      "code": "OR",
      "name": "Oregon",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 5725.88,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 5725.88,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 5725.88
    },
    {
      "code": "PA",
      "name": "Pennsylvania",
      "category": "full_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Full pension + IRA exclusion",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "RI",
      "name": "Rhode Island",
      "category": "pension_sourced_cap",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion, pension-sourced only",
      "source_matters": 1,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 50000,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 100000,
      "exclusion_min_age": 67,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 320.63,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 320.63,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2195.63
    },
    {
      "code": "SC",
      "name": "South Carolina",
      "category": "senior_subtraction",
      "category_label": "General age-65+ subtraction",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 65,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 1875.82,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 1875.82,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 1875.82
    },
    {
      "code": "SD",
      "name": "South Dakota",
      "category": "no_income_tax",
      "category_label": "No state income tax",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "TN",
      "name": "Tennessee",
      "category": "no_income_tax",
      "category_label": "No state income tax",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "TX",
      "name": "Texas",
      "category": "no_income_tax",
      "category_label": "No state income tax",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "UT",
      "name": "Utah",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 3109.73,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 3109.73,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 3109.73
    },
    {
      "code": "VT",
      "name": "Vermont",
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "category_label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 2426.13,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2426.13,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2426.13
    },
    {
      "code": "VA",
      "name": "Virginia",
      "category": "capped_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion (pension + IRA)",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 12000,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 24000,
      "exclusion_min_age": 65,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 3551.88,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 3551.88,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 3551.88
    },
    {
      "code": "WA",
      "name": "Washington",
      "category": "no_income_tax",
      "category_label": "No state income tax",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "WV",
      "name": "West Virginia",
      "category": "senior_subtraction",
      "category_label": "General age-65+ subtraction",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 2179.5,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 2179.5,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 2179.5
    },
    {
      "code": "WI",
      "name": "Wisconsin",
      "category": "capped_exclusion",
      "category_label": "Capped exclusion (pension + IRA)",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 24000,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 48000,
      "exclusion_min_age": 67,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 1785.91,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 1785.91,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 1785.91
    },
    {
      "code": "WY",
      "name": "Wyoming",
      "category": "no_income_tax",
      "category_label": "No state income tax",
      "source_matters": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_single": 0,
      "retirement_exclusion_mfj": 0,
      "exclusion_min_age": 0,
      "tax_public_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_private_pension_75k_single": 0,
      "tax_ira_75k_single": 0
    }
  ],
  "category_legend": [
    {
      "category": "no_income_tax",
      "label": "No state income tax",
      "source_matters": false,
      "description": "No state income tax at all — pensions, IRA and 401(k) distributions, and Roth conversions are untaxed at the state level."
    },
    {
      "category": "full_exclusion",
      "label": "Full pension + IRA exclusion",
      "source_matters": false,
      "description": "Qualified pension AND IRA/401(k) distributions are fully excluded from the state base at qualifying age — the source of the money does not matter."
    },
    {
      "category": "employer_pension_exempt",
      "label": "Employer/DB pension exempt, IRA taxed",
      "source_matters": true,
      "description": "Employer / defined-benefit pension income — public or private — is fully exempt, but IRA and 401(k) distributions remain taxable, so the income SOURCE is decisive."
    },
    {
      "category": "public_pension_exempt",
      "label": "Government pension exempt (no cap)",
      "source_matters": true,
      "description": "Government / public-employer pension income is fully exempt with no dollar cap; private pensions and IRA/401(k) distributions get a smaller capped exclusion (or none)."
    },
    {
      "category": "public_pension_capped",
      "label": "Government pension exempt up to a cap",
      "source_matters": true,
      "description": "Government / public pension income is exempt up to a per-taxpayer cap; private pensions and IRA/401(k) distributions do not get that carve-out."
    },
    {
      "category": "pension_sourced_cap",
      "label": "Capped exclusion, pension-sourced only",
      "source_matters": true,
      "description": "A capped exclusion that draws only on pension/annuity dollars; the IRA/401(k) remainder is fully taxable."
    },
    {
      "category": "co_pension_subtraction",
      "label": "Pension/annuity subtraction, shared with SS",
      "source_matters": false,
      "description": "Pension and annuity income is subtracted up to an age-tiered cap that is shared with — and reduced by — the Social Security subtraction."
    },
    {
      "category": "phasedown",
      "label": "Pension deduction phases down by income",
      "source_matters": false,
      "description": "Pension and IRA distributions get a percentage deduction that phases down as AGI rises."
    },
    {
      "category": "capped_exclusion",
      "label": "Capped exclusion (pension + IRA)",
      "source_matters": false,
      "description": "A capped retirement-income exclusion applies to pension and IRA distributions alike at qualifying age; several of these states phase the cap out as income rises."
    },
    {
      "category": "senior_subtraction",
      "label": "General age-65+ subtraction",
      "source_matters": false,
      "description": "A general age-65+ subtraction reduces the state base; it is not specific to pension source, and does not fully exempt retirement income."
    },
    {
      "category": "fully_taxed",
      "label": "Taxed as ordinary income",
      "source_matters": false,
      "description": "Retirement distributions are taxed as ordinary income with no dedicated pension/IRA exclusion (the ordinary standard deduction still applies)."
    }
  ],
  "illustration_full": [
    {
      "code": "AK",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "AK",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "AK",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "AK",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "FL",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "FL",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "FL",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "FL",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "NV",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "NV",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "NV",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "NV",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "NH",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "NH",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "NH",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "NH",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "SD",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "SD",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "SD",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "SD",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "TN",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "TN",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "TN",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "TN",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "TX",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "TX",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "TX",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "TX",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "WA",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "WA",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "WA",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "WA",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "WY",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "WY",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "WY",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "WY",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "AZ",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 347.5,
      "tax_private_pension": 347.5,
      "tax_ira": 347.5
    },
    {
      "code": "AZ",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1472.5,
      "tax_private_pension": 1472.5,
      "tax_ira": 1472.5
    },
    {
      "code": "AZ",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "AZ",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1070,
      "tax_private_pension": 1070,
      "tax_ira": 1070
    },
    {
      "code": "CO",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "CO",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1535.6,
      "tax_private_pension": 1535.6,
      "tax_ira": 1535.6
    },
    {
      "code": "CO",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "CO",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 827.2,
      "tax_private_pension": 827.2,
      "tax_ira": 827.2
    },
    {
      "code": "ID",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 481.717,
      "tax_private_pension": 481.717,
      "tax_ira": 481.717
    },
    {
      "code": "ID",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 2866.717,
      "tax_private_pension": 2866.717,
      "tax_ira": 2866.717
    },
    {
      "code": "ID",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "ID",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1758.434,
      "tax_private_pension": 1758.434,
      "tax_ira": 1758.434
    },
    {
      "code": "IL",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "IL",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "IL",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "IL",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "IN",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1292.5,
      "tax_private_pension": 1292.5,
      "tax_ira": 1292.5
    },
    {
      "code": "IN",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 3431,
      "tax_private_pension": 3431,
      "tax_ira": 3431
    },
    {
      "code": "IN",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1175,
      "tax_private_pension": 1175,
      "tax_ira": 1175
    },
    {
      "code": "IN",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 3337,
      "tax_private_pension": 3337,
      "tax_ira": 3337
    },
    {
      "code": "KY",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "KY",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1418.55,
      "tax_private_pension": 1418.55,
      "tax_ira": 1418.55
    },
    {
      "code": "KY",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "KY",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 329.7,
      "tax_private_pension": 329.7,
      "tax_ira": 329.7
    },
    {
      "code": "MA",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1280,
      "tax_private_pension": 1280,
      "tax_ira": 1280
    },
    {
      "code": "MA",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 3530,
      "tax_private_pension": 3530,
      "tax_ira": 3530
    },
    {
      "code": "MA",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1060,
      "tax_private_pension": 1060,
      "tax_ira": 1060
    },
    {
      "code": "MA",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 3310,
      "tax_private_pension": 3310,
      "tax_ira": 3310
    },
    {
      "code": "MI",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "MI",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 63.325,
      "tax_private_pension": 63.325,
      "tax_ira": 63.325
    },
    {
      "code": "MI",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "MI",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "NC",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 688.275,
      "tax_private_pension": 688.275,
      "tax_ira": 688.275
    },
    {
      "code": "NC",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 2483.775,
      "tax_private_pension": 2483.775,
      "tax_ira": 2483.775
    },
    {
      "code": "NC",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 179.55,
      "tax_private_pension": 179.55,
      "tax_ira": 179.55
    },
    {
      "code": "NC",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1975.05,
      "tax_private_pension": 1975.05,
      "tax_ira": 1975.05
    },
    {
      "code": "PA",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "PA",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "PA",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "PA",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "UT",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 522.231,
      "tax_private_pension": 522.231,
      "tax_ira": 522.231
    },
    {
      "code": "UT",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 3109.731,
      "tax_private_pension": 3109.731,
      "tax_ira": 3109.731
    },
    {
      "code": "UT",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "UT",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1906.962,
      "tax_private_pension": 1906.962,
      "tax_ira": 1906.962
    },
    {
      "code": "GA",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "GA",
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      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 1578.75
    },
    {
      "code": "SC",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "SC",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1875.818182,
      "tax_private_pension": 1875.818182,
      "tax_ira": 1875.818182
    },
    {
      "code": "SC",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "SC",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 298.5,
      "tax_private_pension": 298.5,
      "tax_ira": 298.5
    },
    {
      "code": "VT",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 561.125,
      "tax_private_pension": 561.125,
      "tax_ira": 561.125
    },
    {
      "code": "VT",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 2426.125,
      "tax_private_pension": 2426.125,
      "tax_ira": 2426.125
    },
    {
      "code": "VT",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 117.25,
      "tax_private_pension": 117.25,
      "tax_ira": 117.25
    },
    {
      "code": "VT",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1624.75,
      "tax_private_pension": 1624.75,
      "tax_ira": 1624.75
    },
    {
      "code": "VA",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 332.5,
      "tax_private_pension": 332.5,
      "tax_ira": 332.5
    },
    {
      "code": "VA",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 3551.875,
      "tax_private_pension": 3551.875,
      "tax_ira": 3551.875
    },
    {
      "code": "VA",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "VA",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1668.75,
      "tax_private_pension": 1668.75,
      "tax_ira": 1668.75
    },
    {
      "code": "WV",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 492,
      "tax_private_pension": 492,
      "tax_ira": 492
    },
    {
      "code": "WV",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 2179.5,
      "tax_private_pension": 2179.5,
      "tax_ira": 2179.5
    },
    {
      "code": "WV",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 211,
      "tax_private_pension": 211,
      "tax_ira": 211
    },
    {
      "code": "WV",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1739.5,
      "tax_private_pension": 1739.5,
      "tax_ira": 1739.5
    },
    {
      "code": "WI",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "WI",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 1785.913237,
      "tax_private_pension": 1785.913237,
      "tax_ira": 1785.913237
    },
    {
      "code": "WI",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "WI",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 370.448144,
      "tax_private_pension": 370.448144,
      "tax_ira": 370.448144
    },
    {
      "code": "DC",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 634,
      "tax_private_pension": 634,
      "tax_ira": 634
    },
    {
      "code": "DC",
      "filing": "single",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 3428.5,
      "tax_private_pension": 3428.5,
      "tax_ira": 3428.5
    },
    {
      "code": "DC",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 30000,
      "tax_public_pension": 0,
      "tax_private_pension": 0,
      "tax_ira": 0
    },
    {
      "code": "DC",
      "filing": "mfj",
      "age": 67,
      "income": 75000,
      "tax_public_pension": 2382,
      "tax_private_pension": 2382,
      "tax_ira": 2382
    }
  ],
  "summary": {
    "jurisdiction_count": 51,
    "no_income_tax": 9,
    "fully_taxed_as_ordinary": 14,
    "source_matters_count": 7,
    "source_matters_states": [
      "AL",
      "HI",
      "KS",
      "MD",
      "MO",
      "NY",
      "RI"
    ],
    "category_counts": {
      "employer_pension_exempt": 1,
      "no_income_tax": 9,
      "fully_taxed": 14,
      "capped_exclusion": 11,
      "co_pension_subtraction": 1,
      "phasedown": 1,
      "public_pension_exempt": 3,
      "full_exclusion": 4,
      "senior_subtraction": 4,
      "pension_sourced_cap": 2,
      "public_pension_capped": 1
    }
  },
  "related": [
    {
      "title": "State Retirement Tax Data 2026 (raw policy dataset)",
      "url": "https://quantcalc.app/data/state-retirement-tax/2026/"
    },
    {
      "title": "State Social Security Tax 2026",
      "url": "https://quantcalc.app/data/state-social-security-tax/2026/"
    }
  ]
}
